LilyPond 記譜法リファレンス: 1.1 ピッチ

様式的な移調 · タイで繋がれた音符が改行した際の臨時記号を隠す

{
  \clef bass
  c4 d e f
  g4 a b c
  d4 e f g
}

{
  \clef treble
  c'4 e' g' c''
  c'4 g b c'
  \clef bass
  c,4 e, g, c
  c,4 g,, b,, c,
}

{
  \fixed c' {
    \clef treble
    c4 e g c'
    c4 g, b, c
  }
  \clef bass
  \fixed c, {
    c4 e g c'
    c4 g, b, c
  }
}

\relative startpitch musicexpr

\relative {
  \clef bass
  c d e f
  g a b c
  d e f g
}

\relative {
  c'' g c f,
  c' a, e'' c
}

\relative {
  c f b e
  a d g c
}

\relative {
  c' d e f
  \relative {
    c'' d e f
  }
}

\new Staff {
  \relative c''' {
    \chordmode { c1 }
  }
  \chordmode { c1 }
}

\relative {
  d' e
  \transpose f g {
    d e
    \relative {
      d' e
    }
  }
}

\relative {
  c'
  <c e g>
  <c' e g'>
  <c, e, g''>
}

\relative {
  c''2 fis
  c2 ges
  b2 eisis
  b2 feses
}

\relative {
  <<
    { c''2 d }
    \\
    { e,,2 f }
  >>
  \resetRelativeOctave c''
  c2
}

\relative c'' { ais1 aes aisis aeses }

\relative c'' { a4 aes a2 }

\relative c'' { ceseh1 ces ceh c cih cis cisih }

\relative c'' { cis cis cis! cis? c c c! c? }

\relative c'' {
  cis1~ 1~
  \break
  cis
}

\relative c'' {
  \override Accidental.hide-tied-accidental-after-break = ##t
  cis1~ cis~
  \break
  cis
}

\relative c'' {
  aeses4 aes ais a
  \set Staff.extraNatural = ##f
  aeses4 aes ais a
}

\language "italiano"

\relative {
  do' re mi sib
}

\relative c'' { a2 as e es a ases e eses }

\language "deutsch"

\relative c'' { asah2 eh aih eisih }

scm/define-note-names.scm
\relative {
  c''2 d='4 d
  e2 f
}

\relative {
  c''2 d
  \octaveCheck c'
  e2 f
}

\relative {
  c''4 f g f

  c4
  \octaveCheck c'
  f
  \octaveCheck c'
  g
  \octaveCheck c'
  f
}

\transpose frompitch topitch musicexpr

\transpose d e {
  \relative {
    \key d \major
    d'4 fis a d
  }
}

\transpose a c' {
  \relative {
    \key c \major
    c'4 d e g
  }
}

music = \relative { c' d e f }
\new Staff {
  \transpose c cis { \music }
  \transpose c des { \music }
}

musicInBflat = { e4 … }
\transpose c bes, \musicInBflat

musicInBflat = { e4 … }
\transpose f c' { \transpose c bes, \musicInBflat }

#(define (naturalize-pitch p)
   (let ((o (ly:pitch-octave p))
         (a (* 4 (ly:pitch-alteration p)))
         ;; alteration, a, in quarter tone steps,
         ;; for historical reasons
         (n (ly:pitch-notename p)))
     (cond
      ((and (> a 1) (or (eqv? n 6) (eqv? n 2)))
       (set! a (- a 2))
       (set! n (+ n 1)))
      ((and (< a -1) (or (eqv? n 0) (eqv? n 3)))
       (set! a (+ a 2))
       (set! n (- n 1))))
     (cond
      ((> a 2) (set! a (- a 4)) (set! n (+ n 1)))
      ((< a -2) (set! a (+ a 4)) (set! n (- n 1))))
     (if (< n 0) (begin (set! o (- o 1)) (set! n (+ n 7))))
     (if (> n 6) (begin (set! o (+ o 1)) (set! n (- n 7))))
     (ly:make-pitch o n (/ a 4))))

#(define (naturalize music)
   (let ((es (ly:music-property music 'elements))
         (e (ly:music-property music 'element))
         (p (ly:music-property music 'pitch)))
     (if (pair? es)
         (ly:music-set-property!
          music 'elements
          (map naturalize es)))
     (if (ly:music? e)
         (ly:music-set-property!
          music 'element
          (naturalize e)))
     (if (ly:pitch? p)
         (begin
           (set! p (naturalize-pitch p))
           (ly:music-set-property! music 'pitch p)))
     music))

naturalizeMusic =
#(define-music-function (m)
   (ly:music?)
   (naturalize m))

music = \relative c' { c4 d e g }

\score {
  \new Staff {
    \transpose c ais { \music }
    \naturalizeMusic \transpose c ais { \music }
    \transpose c deses { \music }
    \naturalizeMusic \transpose c deses { \music }
  }
  \layout { }
}

\inversion around-pitch to-pitch musicexpr

music = \relative { c' d e f }
\new Staff {
  \music
  \inversion d' d' \music
  \inversion d' ees' \music
}

music = \relative { c'8. ees16( fis8. a16 b8.) gis16 f8. d16 }

\new Staff {
  \music
  \retrograde \music
}

\modalTranspose from-pitch to-pitch scale motif

diatonicScale = \relative { c' d e f g a b }
motif = \relative { c'8 d e f g a b c }

\new Staff {
  \motif
  \modalTranspose c f \diatonicScale \motif
  \modalTranspose c b, \diatonicScale \motif
}

pentatonicScale = \relative { ges aes bes des ees }
motif = \relative { ees'8 des ges,4 <ges' bes,> <ges bes,> }

\new Staff {
  \motif
  \modalTranspose ges ees' \pentatonicScale \motif
}

chromaticScale = \relative { c' cis d dis e f fis g gis a ais b }
motif = \relative { c'8 d e f g a b c }

\new Staff {
  \motif
  \transpose c f \motif
  \modalTranspose c f \chromaticScale \motif
}

\modalInversion around-pitch to-pitch scale motif

octatonicScale = \relative { ees' f fis gis a b c d }
motif = \relative { c'8. ees16 fis8. a16 b8. gis16 f8. d16 }

\new Staff {
  \motif
  \modalInversion fis' fis' \octatonicScale \motif
}

scale = \relative { c' g' }
motive = \relative { c' c g' c, }

\new Staff {
  \motive
  \modalInversion c' g' \scale \motive
}

octatonicScale = \relative { ees' f fis gis a b c d }
motif = \relative { c'8. ees16 fis8. a16 b8. gis16 f8. d16 }

\new Staff {
  \motif
  \retrograde \modalInversion c' c' \octatonicScale \motif
}

c'2 c'

\clef treble
c'2 c'
\clef alto
c'2 c'
\clef tenor
c'2 c'
\clef bass
c'2 c'

\clef treble
c'2 c'
\clef "treble_8"
c'2 c'
\clef "bass^15"
c'2 c'
\clef "alto_2"
c'2 c'
\clef "G_8"
c'2 c'
\clef "F^5"
c'2 c'

\clef "treble_(8)"
c'2 c'
\clef "bass^[15]"
c'2 c'

\clef treble { c'2 c' } \break
\clef bass { c'2 c' } \break
\clef alto
  \set Staff.explicitClefVisibility = #end-of-line-invisible
  { c'2 c' } \break
  \unset Staff.explicitClefVisibility
\clef bass { c'2 c' } \break

  \clef treble
  c'1
  \clef treble
  c'1
  \set Staff.forceClef = ##t
  c'1
  \clef treble
  c'1

  \clef "treble"
  c'1
  \clef "bass"
  c'1
  \clef "treble"
  c'1
  \override Staff.Clef.full-size-change = ##t
  \clef "bass"
  c'1
  \clef "treble"
  c'1
  \revert Staff.Clef.full-size-change
  \clef "bass"
  c'1
  \clef "treble"
  c'1

{
  % The default treble clef
  \key f \major
  c'1
  % The standard bass clef
  \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.F"
  \set Staff.clefPosition = #2
  \set Staff.middleCPosition = #6
  \set Staff.middleCClefPosition = #6
  \key g \major
  c'1
  % The baritone clef
  \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.C"
  \set Staff.clefPosition = #4
  \set Staff.middleCPosition = #4
  \set Staff.middleCClefPosition = #4
  \key f \major
  c'1
  % The standard choral tenor clef
  \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.G"
  \set Staff.clefPosition = #-2
  \set Staff.clefTransposition = #-7
  \set Staff.middleCPosition = #1
  \set Staff.middleCClefPosition = #1
  \key f \major
  c'1
  % A non-standard clef
  \set Staff.clefPosition = #0
  \set Staff.clefTransposition = #0
  \set Staff.middleCPosition = #-4
  \set Staff.middleCClefPosition = #-4
  \key g \major
  c'1 \break

  % The following clef changes do not preserve
  % the normal relationship between notes, key signatures
  % and clefs:

  \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.F"
  \set Staff.clefPosition = #2
  c'1
  \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.G"
  c'1
  \set Staff.clefGlyph = #"clefs.C"
  c'1
  \set Staff.clefTransposition = #7
  c'1
  \set Staff.clefTransposition = #0
  \set Staff.clefPosition = #0
  c'1

  % Return to the normal clef:

  \set Staff.middleCPosition = #0
  c'1
}

scm/parser-clef.scm
\new Staff \with {
  \override Clef.color = #blue
  \override ClefModifier.color = #red
}

\clef "treble_8" c'4

\key pitch mode

\relative {
  \key g \major
  fis''1
  f
  fis
}

freygish = #`((0 . ,NATURAL) (1 . ,FLAT) (2 . ,NATURAL)
    (3 . ,NATURAL) (4 . ,NATURAL) (5 . ,FLAT) (6 . ,FLAT))

\relative {
  \key c \freygish c'4 des e f
  \bar "||" \key d \freygish d es fis g
}

\override Staff.KeySignature.flat-positions = #'((-5 . 5))
\override Staff.KeyCancellation.flat-positions = #'((-5 . 5))
\clef bass \key es \major es g bes d'
\clef treble \bar "||" \key es \major es' g' bes' d''

\override Staff.KeySignature.sharp-positions = #'(2)
\bar "||" \key b \major b' fis' b'2

\relative c' {
  \key d \major
  a4 b cis d
  \key g \minor
  a4 bes c d
  \set Staff.printKeyCancellation = ##f
  \key d \major
  a4 b cis d
  \key g \minor
  a4 bes c d
}

\include "arabic.ly"
\relative do' {
  \set Staff.keyAlterations = #`((0 . ,SEMI-FLAT)
                                 (1 . ,SEMI-FLAT)
                                 (2 . ,FLAT)
                                 (5 . ,FLAT)
                                 (6 . ,SEMI-FLAT))
%\set Staff.extraNatural = ##f
  re reb \dwn reb resd
  dod dob dosd \dwn dob |
  dobsb dodsd do do |
}

\relative a' {
  a2 b
  \ottava #-2
  a2 b
  \ottava #-1
  a2 b
  \ottava #0
  a2 b
  \ottava #1
  a2 b
  \ottava #2
  a2 b
}

{
  c'2
  \ottava #1
  \set Staff.ottavation = #"8"
  c''2
  \ottava #0
  c'1
  \ottava #1
  \set Staff.ottavation = #"Text"
  c''1
}

{
  \clef bass
  << { <g d'>1~ q2 <c' e'> }
  \\
    {
      r2.
      \set Staff.ottavation = #"8vb"
      \once \override Staff.OttavaBracket.direction = #DOWN
      \set Voice.middleCPosition = #(+ 6 7)
      <b,,, b,,>4 ~ |
      q2
      \unset Staff.ottavation
      \unset Voice.middleCPosition
      <c e>2
    }
  >>
}

\relative c'' {
  \override Staff.OttavaBracket.stencil = #ly:line-spanner::print
  \override Staff.OttavaBracket.bound-details =
    #`((left . ((Y . 0) ; Change the integer here
                (attach-dir . ,LEFT)
                (padding . 0)
                (stencil-align-dir-y . ,CENTER)))
       (right . ((Y . 5) ; Change the integer here
                 (padding . 0)
                 (attach-dir . ,RIGHT)
                 (text . ,(make-draw-dashed-line-markup (cons 0 -1.2))))))
  \override Staff.OttavaBracket.left-bound-info =
     #ly:line-spanner::calc-left-bound-info-and-text
  \override Staff.OttavaBracket.right-bound-info =
     #ly:line-spanner::calc-right-bound-info
  \ottava #1
  c1
  c'''1
}

\transposition pitch

\new GrandStaff <<
  \new Staff = "violin" \with {
    instrumentName = "Vln"
    midiInstrument = "violin"
  }
  \relative c'' {
    % not strictly necessary, but a good reminder
    \transposition c'
    \key c \major
    g4( c8) r c r c4
  }
  \new Staff = "clarinet" \with {
    instrumentName = \markup { Cl (B\flat) }
    midiInstrument = "clarinet"
  }
  \relative c'' {
    \transposition bes
    \key d \major
    a4( d8) r d r d4
  }
>>

flute = \relative c'' {
  \key f \major
  \cueDuring "clarinet" #DOWN {
    R1 _\markup\tiny "clarinet"
    c4 f e d
    R1 _\markup\tiny "clarinet"
  }
}
clarinet = \relative c'' {
  \key aes \major
  \transposition a
  aes4 bes c des
  R1^\markup { muta in B\flat }
  \key g \major
  \transposition bes
  d2 g,
}
\addQuote "clarinet" \clarinet
<<
  \new Staff \with { instrumentName = "Flute" }
    \flute
  \new Staff \with { instrumentName = "Cl (A)" }
    \clarinet
>>

\new Staff <<
  \accidentalStyle voice
  { … }
>>

\accidentalStyle StaffGroup.voice

musicA = {
  <<
    \relative {
      cis''8 fis, bes4 <a cis>8 f bis4 |
      cis2. <c, g'>4 |
    }
    \\
    \relative {
      ais'2 cis, |
      fis8 b a4 cis2 |
    }
  >>
}

musicB = {
  \clef bass
  \new Voice {
    \voiceTwo \relative {
      <fis a cis>8[ <fis a cis>
      \change Staff = up
      cis' cis
      \change Staff = down
      <fis, a> <fis a>]
      \showStaffSwitch
      \change Staff = up
      dis'4 |
      \change Staff = down
      <fis, a cis>4 gis <f a d>2 |
    }
  }
}

\new PianoStaff {
  <<
    \context Staff = "up" {
      \accidentalStyle default
      \musicA
    }
    \context Staff = "down" {
      \accidentalStyle default
      \musicB
    }
  >>
}

\new PianoStaff {
  <<
    \context Staff = "up" {
      %%% 次の行を変更したいスタイルに合わせて変更してください:
      \accidentalStyle Score.default
      \musicA
    }
    \context Staff = "down" {
      \musicB
    }
  >>
}

forget = #(define-music-function (music) (ly:music?) #{
  \accidentalStyle forget
  #music
  \accidentalStyle modern
#})
{
  \accidentalStyle modern
  \time 2/4
  \repeat volta 2 {
    c'2
  }
  \alternative {
     cis'
     \forget c'
  }
}

\layout {
  \context {
    \Voice
    \consists "Ambitus_engraver"
  }
}

\relative {
  aes' c e2
  cis,1
}

\new Staff <<
  \new Voice \with {
    \consists "Ambitus_engraver"
  } \relative c'' {
    \override Ambitus.X-offset = #2.0
    \voiceOne
    c4 a d e
    f1
  }
  \new Voice \with {
    \consists "Ambitus_engraver"
  } \relative c' {
    \voiceTwo
    es4 f g as
    b1
  }
>>

\new Staff \with {
  \consists "Ambitus_engraver"
  }
<<
  \new Voice \relative c'' {
    \voiceOne
    c4 a d e
    f1
  }
  \new Voice \relative c' {
    \voiceTwo
    es4 f g as
    b1
  }
>>

\layout {
  \context {
    \Voice
    \consists "Ambitus_engraver"
  }
}

\new Staff {
  \time 2/4
  % Default setting
  c'4 g''
}

\new Staff {
  \time 2/4
  \override AmbitusLine.gap = #0
  c'4 g''
}

\new Staff {
  \time 2/4
  \override AmbitusLine.gap = #1
  c'4 g''
}

\new Staff {
  \time 2/4
  \override AmbitusLine.gap = #1.5
  c'4 g''
}

\relative c'' {
  c4 b
  \override NoteHead.style = #'cross
  c4 b
  \revert NoteHead.style
  a b
  \override NoteHead.style = #'harmonic
  a b
  \revert NoteHead.style
  c4 d e f
}

\relative {
  c''4 b
  \xNotesOn
   a b c4 b
  \xNotesOff
  c4 d
}

\relative {
  c''4 b
  \xNote { e f }
  c b < g \xNote c f > b
}

\relative c'' {
  <c f\harmonic>2 <d a'\harmonic>4 <c g'\harmonic> f\harmonic
}

#(set-global-staff-size 26)
\relative c' {
  \easyHeadsOn
  c2 e4 f
  g1
  \easyHeadsOff
  c,1
}

#(define Ez_numbers_engraver
   (make-engraver
    (acknowledgers
     ((note-head-interface engraver grob source-engraver)
      (let* ((context (ly:translator-context engraver))
	     (tonic-pitch (ly:context-property context 'tonic))
	     (tonic-name (ly:pitch-notename tonic-pitch))
	     (grob-pitch
	      (ly:event-property (event-cause grob) 'pitch))
	     (grob-name (ly:pitch-notename grob-pitch))
	     (delta (modulo (- grob-name tonic-name) 7))
	     (note-names
	      (make-vector 7 (number->string (1+ delta)))))
	(ly:grob-set-property! grob 'note-names note-names))))))

#(set-global-staff-size 26)

\layout {
  ragged-right = ##t
  \context {
    \Voice
    \consists \Ez_numbers_engraver
  }
}

\relative c' {
  \easyHeadsOn
  c4 d e f
  g4 a b c \break

  \key a \major
  a,4 b cis d
  e4 fis gis a \break

  \key d \dorian
  d,4 e f g
  a4 b c d
}

\relative c'' {
  \aikenHeads
  c, d e f g2 a b1 c \break
  \aikenThinHeads
  c,4 d e f g2 a b1 c \break
  \sacredHarpHeads
  c,4 d e f g2 a b1 c \break
  \southernHarmonyHeads
  c,4 d e f g2 a b1 c \break
  \funkHeads
  c,4 d e f g2 a b1 c \break
  \walkerHeads
  c,4 d e f g2 a b1 c \break
}

\relative c'' {
  \key a \minor
  \aikenHeads
  a b c d e2 f g1 a \break
  \aikenHeadsMinor
  a,4 b c d e2 f g1 a \break
  \aikenThinHeadsMinor
  a,4 b c d e2 f g1 a \break
  \sacredHarpHeadsMinor
  a,2 b c d \break
  \southernHarmonyHeadsMinor
  a2 b c d \break
  \funkHeadsMinor
  a2 b c d \break
  \walkerHeadsMinor
  a2 b c d \break
}

\score {
  {
    \aikenHeads
    c''2 a' c' a

    % Switch to thin-variant noteheads
    \set shapeNoteStyles = ##(doThin reThin miThin faThin sol laThin tiThin)
    c'' a' c' a
  }
}
% END EXAMPLE

fragment = {
  \key c \major
  c2 d
  e2 f
  g2 a
  b2 c
}

\new Staff {
  \transpose c d
  \relative c' {
    \set shapeNoteStyles = ##(do re mi fa
                               #f la ti)
    \fragment
  }

  \break

  \relative c' {
    \set shapeNoteStyles = ##(cross triangle fa #f
                               mensural xcircle diamond)
    \fragment
  }
}

\new Voice \with {
  \consists "Pitch_squash_engraver"
} \relative {
  e''8 e g a a16( bes) a8 g
  \improvisationOn
  e8 ~
  2 ~ 8 f4 f8 ~
  2
  \improvisationOff
  a16( bes) a8 g e
}

1.1.1 ピッチを記述する
1.1.2 複数のピッチを変更する
1.1.3 ピッチを表示する
1.1.4 符頭

絶対オクターブ入力
相対オクターブ入力
臨時記号
他の言語での音符名

言語	音符名
`nederlands`	`c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `bes` `b`
`català` または `catalan`	`do` `re` `mi` `fa` `sol` `la` `sib` `si`
`deutsch`	`c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `b` `h`
`english`	`c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `bf`/`b-flat` `b`
`español` または `espanol`	`do` `re` `mi` `fa` `sol` `la` `sib` `si`
`français`	`do` `ré`/`re` `mi` `fa` `sol` `la` `sib` `si`
`italiano`	`do` `re` `mi` `fa` `sol` `la` `sib` `si`
`norsk`	`c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `b` `h`
`português` または `portugues`	`do` `re` `mi` `fa` `sol` `la` `sib` `si`
`suomi`	`c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `b` `h`
`svenska`	`c` `d` `e` `f` `g` `a` `b` `h`
`vlaams`	`do` `re` `mi` `fa` `sol` `la` `sib` `si`

言語	シャープ	フラット	ダブルシャープ	ダブルフラット
`nederlands`	`is`	`es`	`isis`	`eses`
`català` または `catalan`	`d`/`s`	`b`	`dd`/`ss`	`bb`
`deutsch`	`is`	`es`	`isis`	`eses`
`english`	`s`/`-sharp`	`f`/`-flat`	`ss`/`x`/`-sharpsharp`	`ff`/`-flatflat`
`español` または `espanol`	`s`	`b`	`ss`/`x`	`bb`
`français`	`d`	`b`	`dd`/`x`	`bb`
`italiano`	`d`	`b`	`dd`	`bb`
`norsk`	`iss`/`is`	`ess`/`es`	`ississ`/`isis`	`essess`/`eses`
`português` または `portugues`	`s`	`b`	`ss`	`bb`
`suomi`	`is`	`es`	`isis`	`eses`
`svenska`	`iss`	`ess`	`ississ`	`essess`
`vlaams`	`k`	`b`	`kk`	`bb`

元号	半-シャープ	半-フラット	1.5-シャープ	1.5-フラット
`nederlands`	`ih`	`eh`	`isih`	`eseh`
`català` または `catalan`	`qd`/`qs`	`qb`	`tqd`/`tqs`	`tqb`
`deutsch`	`ih`	`eh`	`isih`	`eseh`
`english`	`qs`	`qf`	`tqs`	`tqf`
`español` または `espanol`	`cs`	`cb`	`tcs`	`tcb`
`français`	`sd`	`sb`	`dsd`	`bsb`
`italiano`	`sd`	`sb`	`dsd`	`bsb`
`norsk`	`ih`	`eh`	`issih`/`isih`	`esseh`/`eseh`
`português` または `portugues`	`sqt`	`bqt`	`stqt`	`btqt`
`suomi`	`ih`	`eh`	`isih`	`eseh`
`svenska`	`ih`	`eh`	`issih`	`esseh`
`vlaams`	`hk`	`hb`	`khk`	`bhb`

オクターブチェック
移調
反転
逆行
様式的な変形

音部記号
調号
オッターバ囲み
楽器の移調
自動臨時記号
音域

特殊な符頭
演奏を容易にする記譜法の符頭
シェイプノートの符頭
即興

1.1 ピッチ

1.1.1 ピッチを記述する

絶対オクターブ入力

参照

相対オクターブ入力

参照

臨時記号

Selected Snippets

参照

既知の問題と警告

他の言語での音符名

参照

1.1.2 複数のピッチを変更する

オクターブ チェック

参照

移調

Selected Snippets

参照

既知の問題と警告

反転

参照

逆行

既知の問題と警告

参照

様式的な変形

様式的な移調

様式的な反転

参照

1.1.3 ピッチを表示する

音部記号

Selected Snippets

参照

既知の問題と警告

調号

Selected Snippets

参照

オッターバ囲み

Selected Snippets

参照

楽器の移調

参照

自動臨時記号

参照

既知の問題と警告

音域

Selected Snippets

参照

既知の問題と警告

1.1.4 符頭

特殊な符頭

定義済みコマンド

参照

演奏を容易にする記譜法の符頭

定義済みコマンド

Selected Snippets

参照

シェイプ ノートの符頭

定義済みコマンド

Selected Snippets

参照

即興

定義済みコマンド

参照

オクターブチェック

シェイプノートの符頭